How to Write an Abstract in LaTeX
The fix
To add an abstract in LaTeX, use the abstract environment right after \maketitle: \begin{abstract} your summary \end{abstract}. In the article class it appears at the top of the first page; in the report and book classes it becomes a separate, centred page.
Example
\maketitle
\begin{abstract}
This paper presents ... The results show ...
\end{abstract}Frequently asked questions
Why does my abstract not appear?
The abstract environment must be inside the document body (after \begin{document}, usually after \maketitle), not in the preamble. Some classes such as IEEEtran expect it in the body as well.
How do I add keywords under the abstract?
Many journal classes provide \keywords{...} directly after the abstract; otherwise add a line like \textbf{Keywords:} ... yourself.
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