How to Write a Research Paper in LaTeX (2026 Guide)

By Shihab Shahriar Antor · Updated June 2026 · 11 min read

To write a research paper in LaTeX, start from \documentclass{article}, set up a preamble with packages like amsmath, graphicx, and a bibliography tool, then structure the body with \title, \abstract, \section commands, figures, tables, and \cite citations backed by a .bib file. Compile to PDF, on LetX this runs the full BibTeX pass automatically in seconds, with real-time co-authoring.

The structure of a LaTeX research paper

A research paper in LaTeX separates content from formatting. You mark what each part is (a section, a figure, a citation), and LaTeX handles numbering, layout, and the reference list. A typical paper follows this structure:

PartLaTeXPurpose
Title block\title \author \maketitleTitle, authors, affiliations
Abstractabstract150–250 word summary
Introduction\sectionProblem, motivation, contributions
Related work\sectionPrior literature with citations
Method\sectionYour approach, equations, figures
Results\sectionTables, figures, analysis
Conclusion\sectionSummary and future work
References\bibliographyAuto-generated from .bib

A complete annotated skeleton

Copy this into a new project as a starting point. Every section is wired up, replace the placeholder text with your content:

paper.tex, full skeleton
\documentclass[11pt]{article}

% --- Preamble: packages ---
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{amsmath, amssymb}   % math
\usepackage{graphicx}           % figures
\usepackage{booktabs}           % clean tables
\usepackage{hyperref}           % links (load last)

% --- Title metadata ---
\title{Your Paper Title}
\author{First Author \\ Affiliation \and Second Author}
\date{\today}

\begin{document}
\maketitle

\begin{abstract}
A concise 150--250 word summary of the problem,
method, and key result.
\end{abstract}

\section{Introduction}
Motivate the problem and state your contributions.
We build on prior work \cite{knuth1984}.

\section{Method}
Describe your approach. Equations are easy:
\begin{equation}
  \mathcal{L} = -\sum_{i} y_i \log \hat{y}_i
\end{equation}

\section{Results}
See Table~\ref{tab:results} and Figure~\ref{fig:plot}.

\begin{table}[ht]
  \centering
  \begin{tabular}{lcc}
    \toprule
    Model & Accuracy & F1 \\
    \midrule
    Baseline & 0.81 & 0.79 \\
    Ours & 0.92 & 0.91 \\
    \bottomrule
  \end{tabular}
  \caption{Main results.}
  \label{tab:results}
\end{table}

\section{Conclusion}
Summarize findings and future directions.

\bibliographystyle{plain}
\bibliography{references}
\end{document}

Citations and the bibliography

Store references in a references.bib file and cite them by key. LaTeX builds and orders the reference list automatically. You never number citations by hand. See our deep dives on citations and bibliographies.

references.bib
@book{knuth1984,
  author    = {Donald E. Knuth},
  title     = {The TeXbook},
  publisher = {Addison-Wesley},
  year      = {1984}
}

Figures, tables, and math

  • Figures: \includegraphics inside a figure environment with \caption and \label.
  • Tables: tabular with booktabs rules; reference with Table~\ref{...}.
  • Math: the equation and align environments from amsmath.

Submitting to a journal or conference

Most venues provide a document class (e.g. IEEEtran, Springer LNCS, ACM acmart). Swap your \documentclass for theirs and move your content in. See how to write an IEEE conference paper, or start from a ready LaTeX paper template.

Write it collaboratively

Research is rarely solo. With LetX you and your co-authors edit the same paper in real time, compile in seconds, and jump between source and PDF with SyncTeX, no install, no emailing .tex files. New to LaTeX? Start with Learn LaTeX in 30 minutes.

Write your paper with real-time co-authors, free.

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Frequently asked questions

How do I start writing a research paper in LaTeX?

Start from \documentclass{article}, add a preamble with amsmath, graphicx, and a bibliography package, then write \title, an abstract, and \section commands for Introduction, Method, Results, and Conclusion. Compile to PDF, on LetX this needs no install.

What document class should I use for a research paper?

Use article for most papers. For a specific venue, use its class (IEEEtran for IEEE, acmart for ACM, or the Springer LNCS class), which set the required formatting automatically.

How do I add references to a LaTeX paper?

Store references in a .bib file, cite them with \cite{key}, and print the list with \bibliography (BibTeX) or \printbibliography (biblatex). LaTeX numbers and orders them for you.

Can I write a LaTeX paper with co-authors in real time?

Yes. LetX is a real-time collaborative LaTeX editor, multiple authors edit the same paper live, with shared compiles in seconds and SyncTeX navigation, all in the browser.

Related

Written by Shihab Shahriar Antor , AI Engineer & Founder of Shahriar Labs. Builder of LetX (collaborative LaTeX) and QuantumSketch (AI STEM video).